Ahmed Yesevî’nin Dîvân-ý Hikmet’i Ekseninde Tasavvufi Düþüncede Ãlahi Aþk (The Divine Love in Sufi Thought Within The Framework of Ahmad Yasawi's Divan-e Hikma) |
Özet
XII. yy. mutasavvýflarýndan olan Hoca Ahmed Yesevî, Pîr-i Türkistan namýyla þöhret kazanmýþ ve öðretileriyle Türklerin hem Müslüman olmasýnda hem de dinî anlayýþlarýnýn þekillenmesinde büyük tesirlerde bulunmuþtur. Onun görüþleri, dinî-tasavvufi-ahlaki öðütleri vasýtasýyla günümüze ulaþmýþtýr. “Hikmet” adý verilen bu öðütler, Dîvân-ý Hikmet isimli eserinde bir araya getirilmiþtir. Ahmed Yesevî, Dîvân-ý Hikmet’te, tasavvufi gelenekte hakkýnda geniþ bir literatür teþekkül etmiþ olan “ilahi aþk” konusu üzerinde aðýrlýklý olarak durmuþtur. Ona göre, aþk Hakk’a kavuþmanýn yegâne yoludur. Ancak aþk ehli olmak, nefisle mücadele etmeyi, dünyadan ve dünyevi her þeyden vazgeçmeyi gerektirmektedir. Bu da tasavvuf kültüründe seyr u sülûk adý verilen ve bir mürþit rehberliðinde gerçekleþtirilen manevî eðitim yoluyla saðlanmaktadýr. Makalede, Ahmed Yesevî’nin ilahi aþk anlayýþý, tasavvufi geleneðe mensup sufi, düþünür ve þairlerin görüþleriyle harmanlanarak ele alýnacaktýr.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ahmed Yesevî, ilahi aþk, Dîvân-ý Hikmet, muhabbet, tasavvuf
Abstract
One of the 12th century sufis, Khoja Ahmad Yasawi earned reputation as the Peer of Turkestan and effected enormously the Turk to become Muslim and to shape their religious ideas. His ideas have reached to the present by means of his religious, sufistic and moral advices. These advices called “hikma”, were collected in his book Divan-e Hikma. In Divan-e Hikma, Ahmad Yasawi featured the subject of “divine love” about which a big literature was consisted in sufi tradition. According to him, the love is the sole way of being reunited with Allah. However, being a lover of Allah requires to struggle with the self/nafs and to give up every profane thing. It is possibile with a spirituel training called sayr u suluq practiced under the guidance of sheikh/murshid. In the article, Ahmad Yasawi’s understanding of divine love will be introduced in the combination of the ideas of sufis, thinkers and poets, members of sufi tradition.
Keywords
Ahmad Yasawi, divine love, Divan-e Hikma, mahabba, sufism
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